Tully-Fisher Relations and Retardation Theory for Galaxies

TL;DR

This paper proposes that accounting for retardation effects in galactic models can explain observed rotational velocities and the Tully-Fisher relation without invoking dark matter or modified gravity laws.

Contribution

It introduces a retardation theory approach to galactic dynamics, offering an alternative explanation for rotational velocities and the Tully-Fisher relation.

Findings

Retardation effects can account for observed galactic rotation curves.

The approach explains the Tully-Fisher relation without dark matter.

Galactic modeling with retardation effects aligns with observations.

Abstract

Galaxies are huge physical systems having dimensions of many tens of thousands of light years. Thus any change at the galactic center will be noticed at the rim only tens of thousands of years later. Those retardation effects seem to be neglected in present day galactic modelling used to calculate rotational velocities of matter in the rims of the galaxy. The significant differences between the predictions of Newtonian theory and observed velocities are usually explained by either assuming dark matter or by modifying the laws of gravity (MOND). In this essay we will show that taking retardation effects into account one can explain the azimuthal velocities of galactic matter and the well known Tully-Fisher relations of galaxies.