Revealing room temperature ferromagnetism in exfoliated Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ flakes with quantum magnetic imaging

TL;DR

This study uses quantum magnetic imaging to confirm room-temperature ferromagnetism in exfoliated Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ flakes, demonstrating a promising path for 2D magnetic materials in spintronics.

Contribution

It provides direct magnetic imaging evidence of room-temperature ferromagnetism in few-layer Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ using nitrogen vacancy diamond imaging.

Findings

Room-temperature ferromagnetism confirmed in flakes as thin as 7 unit cells.

Stray field patterns indicate perpendicular easy-axis anisotropy.

Curie temperature determined to be approximately 300 K.

Abstract

Van der Waals material Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$, with its long-range ferromagnetic ordering near room temperature, has significant potential to become an enabling platform for implementing novel spintronic and quantum devices. To pave the way for applications, it is crucial to determine the magnetic properties when the thickness of Fe5GeTe2 reaches the few-layers regime. However, this is highly challenging due to the need for a characterization technique that is local, highly sensitive, artifact-free, and operational with minimal fabrication. Prior studies have indicated that Curie temperature TC can reach up to close to room temperature for exfoliated Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ flakes, as measured via electrical transport; there is a need to validate these results with a measurement that reveals magnetism more directly. In this work, we investigate the magnetic properties of exfoliated thin flakes of van der Waals magnet Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ via a quantum magnetic imaging technique based on nitrogen vacancy diamond. Through imaging the stray fields, we confirm room-temperature magnetic order in Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ thin flakes with thickness down to 7 units cell. The stray field patterns and their response to magnetizing fields with different polarities point to a perpendicular easy-axis anisotropy. Furthermore, we perform imaging at different temperatures and determine the Curie temperature of the flakes at Tc~300 K. These results provide the basis for realizing a room-temperature monolayer ferromagnet with Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$. This work also demonstrates that the imaging technique enables a rapid screening of multiple flakes simultaneously, thereby paving the way towards high throughput characterization of potential 2D magnets near room temperature.