Atomic Norm Based Localization and Orientation Estimation for Millimeter-Wave MIMO OFDM Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces an atomic norm-based approach for precise localization and orientation estimation in millimeter-wave MIMO OFDM systems, leveraging a novel virtual channel matrix and advanced algorithms to improve accuracy.

Contribution

It presents a new atomic norm-based method with a virtual channel matrix and an extended invariance principle for enhanced localization and orientation estimation.

Findings

Performance surpasses previous methods

Nearly reaches the Cramer-Rao lower bound

Effective with both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight channels

Abstract

Herein, an atomic norm based method for accurately estimating the location and orientation of a target from millimeter-wave multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals is presented. A novel virtual channel matrix is introduced and an algorithm to extract localization-relevant channel parameters from its atomic norm decomposition is designed. Then, based on the extended invariance principle, a weighted least squares problem is proposed to accurately recover the location and orientation using both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight channel information. Numerical results highlight performance improvements over a prior method and the resultant performance nearly achieves the Cramer-Rao lower bound.