The equation of state of neutron stars and the role of nuclear experiments

TL;DR

This paper reviews how nuclear physics experiments and astrophysical observations jointly constrain the equation of state of neutron stars, enhancing our understanding of matter under extreme conditions.

Contribution

It integrates recent experimental and observational constraints to improve models of neutron-star matter, highlighting the interplay between nuclear physics and astrophysics.

Findings

Nuclear experiments provide key constraints on neutron-star matter.

Astrophysical observations help refine the equation of state models.

Combined data narrows the range of possible neutron-star properties.

Abstract

Neutron stars are unique laboratories to probe matter in extreme conditions, not accessible in terrestrial laboratories. Here, we discuss the modelling of the neutron-star equation of state, particularly in connection with recent constraints coming from both nuclear physics (experiments and ab-initio calculations) and astrophysical observations.