Distributed Privacy-Preserving Electric Vehicle Charging Control Based on Secret Sharing

TL;DR

This paper presents a scalable, efficient, and privacy-preserving distributed EV charging control protocol using secret sharing, enabling secure optimization without compromising customer privacy.

Contribution

It introduces a novel secret sharing-based protocol for distributed EV charging control that improves scalability and efficiency over existing homomorphic encryption methods.

Findings

Achieves privacy protection against honest-but-curious adversaries and eavesdroppers.

Demonstrates improved computational efficiency compared to homomorphic encryption.

Proves effectiveness through simulations in residential settings.

Abstract

Cooperative electric vehicle (EV) charging control has emerged as a key component in grid-edge resource (GER) management. However, customers' privacy remains a major barrier to large-scale implementation of EV charging control. In this paper, we develop a distributed privacy-preserving EV charging control protocol based on secret sharing (SS) that 1) achieves scalability over EV population size; 2) enjoys higher computation efficiency compared to homomorphic encryption (HE) based methods; and 3) secures the privacy of the participating EVs against honest-but-curious adversaries and external eavesdroppers. The cooperative EV charging control is formulated to achieve overnight valley-filling and framed into the projected gradient algorithm (PGA) structure as a distributed optimization problem. SS is integrated into PGA to achieve secure updates of both primal and dual variables. Theoretical security analyses and simulations in a residential area are conducted to prove the privacy preservation guarantee as well as the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed privacy preservation method. Broadly, the proposed method can be readily extended to various GER control applications.