Impurity-like solutions in vortex systems coupled to a neutral field

TL;DR

This paper introduces a method to generate impurity-like solutions in vortex systems by coupling a Maxwell-Higgs model with a neutral scalar field, revealing new vortex structures and extending to Chern-Simons-Higgs theory.

Contribution

It presents a novel approach to interpret and generate impurities in vortex systems using a neutral scalar field, leading to new vortex solutions with internal structures.

Findings

Vortices with novel internal structures were found.

Impurities can be generated and understood via properties of the neutral scalar field.

Method extended to Chern-Simons-Higgs theory.

Abstract

In this work, a Maxwell-Higgs system is coupled to a neutral scalar field that engenders $Z_2$ symmetry. At critical coupling, the resulting field equations may be identified with those of a Maxwell-Higgs model doped with an impurity whose form changes according to properties of the neutral scalar field, such as the topological sector and position of its zeros. This allows for an interpretation of parameters appearing in impurity models in terms of properties of the kink-like defect, and provides a convenient way to understand and generate impurities. By solving the first order equations, we found vortices with a novel internal structure in relation to standard solutions. The procedure was also adapted to generate impurities for Chern-Simons-Higgs theory.