Systematic study of hadronic excitation energy using Schottky anomaly

TL;DR

This paper uses the Schottky anomaly, a thermodynamic phenomenon, to extract and analyze the excitation energy scales of hadron spectra in a less model-dependent way, revealing flavor dependence.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method based on Schottky anomaly to determine hadronic excitation energies with reduced model dependence.

Findings

Identifies excitation energy scales of hadron spectra.

Reveals flavor dependence of these energy scales.

Provides a new thermodynamic approach to hadron spectroscopy.

Abstract

We extract the excitation energy scales of the hadron spectra in a less model-dependent method using Schottky anomaly. Schottky anomaly is a thermodynamical phenomenon that the specific heat of a system consisting of a finite number of energy levels has a peak at finite temperature due to the energy gaps. Using the masses of all hadrons that are experimentally established, we obtain the excitation energy scales of the hadron spectra and investigate their flavor dependence.