Revisiting the cosmic distance duality relation with machine learning reconstruction methods: the combination of HII galaxies and ultra-compact radio quasars

TL;DR

This study uses machine learning methods to test the cosmic distance duality relation with HII galaxies and radio quasars, finding it consistent with current data and providing high-redshift constraints.

Contribution

It introduces Gaussian Process and Artificial Neural Network techniques to reconstruct distances and assess deviations from the CDDR using combined galaxy and quasar data.

Findings

CDDR is consistent with observational data within 1σ using GP reconstruction.

Radio quasars can constrain violation parameters at the 10^{-3} level at high redshift.

ANN provides robust constraints on the violation parameter at 10^{-2} precision.

Abstract

In this paper, we carry out an assessment of cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) based on the latest observations of HII galaxies acting as standard candles and ultra-compact structure in radio quasars acting as standard rulers. Particularly, two machine learning reconstruction methods (Gaussian Process (GP) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)) are applied to reconstruct the Hubble diagrams from observational data. We show that both approaches are capable of reconstructing the current constraints on possible deviations from the CDDR in the redshift range $z\sim 2.3$. Considering four different parametric methods of CDDR, which quantify deviations from the CDDR and the standard cosmological model, we compare the results of the two different machine learning approaches. It is observed that the validity of CDDR is in well agreement with the current observational data within $1\sigma$ based on the reconstructed distances through GP in the overlapping redshift domain. Moreover, we find that ultra-compact radio quasars could provide $10^{-3}$-level constraints on the violation parameter at high redshifts, when combined with the observations of HII galaxies. In the framework of ANN, one could derive robust constraints on the violation parameter at a precision of $10^{-2}$, with the validity of such distance duality relation within $2\sigma$ confidence level.