Curved space and particle physics effects on the formation of Bose-Einstein condensation around a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole

TL;DR

This paper investigates how curved spacetime and particle interactions near a Reissner-Nordström black hole influence the formation of Bose-Einstein condensates, highlighting conditions involving scalar masses and dark charges.

Contribution

It introduces a model of scalar fields interacting around a charged black hole, analyzing conditions for localized condensation influenced by spacetime curvature and charges.

Findings

condensate formation depends on scalar mass hierarchy.

Localized condensates are viable with dark electric charges.

Particle localization occurs near the black hole horizon.

Abstract

We consider two scalar fields interacting through a $\chi^*\chi\phi^*\phi$ term in the presence of a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. Initially, only $\chi$ particles are present. We find that the produced $\phi$ particles are localized in a region around the black hole and have a tendency towards condensation provided that $\phi$ particles are much heavier than the $\chi$ particles. We also find that such a configuration is phenomenologically viable only if the scalars and the black hole have dark electric charges.