Emergence of Neutral Modes in Laughlin-like Fractional Quantum Hall Phases

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that edge reconstruction in Laughlin-like fractional quantum Hall phases can produce counterpropagating neutral modes, explaining experimental neutral mode observations and interference suppression.

Contribution

It reveals that smooth confining potentials induce edge reconstruction, leading to neutral modes in Laughlin phases, challenging orthodox models.

Findings

Edge reconstruction leads to neutral modes in Laughlin phases.

Neutral modes can explain experimental observations.

Edge reconstruction affects anyonic interference patterns.

Abstract

Chiral gapless boundary modes are characteristic of quantum Hall (QH) states. For hole-conjugate fractional QH phases counterpropagating edge modes (upstream and downstream) are expected. In the presence of electrostatic interactions and disorder these modes may renormalize into charge and upstream neutral modes. Orthodox models of Laughlin phases anticipate only a downstream charge mode. Here we show that in the latter case, in the presence of a smooth confining potential, edge reconstruction leads to the emergence of pairs of counterpropagating modes, which, by way of mode renormalization, may give rise to nontopological upstream neutral modes, possessing nontrivial statistics. This may explain the experimental observation of ubiquitous neutral modes, and the overwhelming suppression of anyonic interference in Mach-Zehnder interferometry platforms. We also point out other signatures of such edge reconstruction.