Existence and Stability of almost finite energy weak solutions to the Quantum Euler-Maxwell system

TL;DR

This paper proves the existence and stability of global weak solutions to a quantum Euler-Maxwell system, leveraging quantum dispersive effects and Madelung transformations without requiring small data or high regularity.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to analyze quantum MHD systems by exploiting dispersive properties, avoiding smallness assumptions common in classical analyses.

Findings

Existence of global weak solutions for quantum Euler-Maxwell system.

Stability of hydrodynamic variables and Lorentz force under certain regularity conditions.

No need for small data assumptions due to quantum dispersive effects.

Abstract

We prove the existence of global in time, finite energy, weak solutions to a quantum magnetohydrodynamic system (QMHD) with large data, modeling a charged quantum fluid interacting with a self-generated electromagnetic field. The analysis of QMHD relies upon the use of Madelung transformations. The rigorous derivation requires non-trivial smoothing estimates, which are obtained by assuming slightly higher regularity for the electromagnetic potential. These assumptions are motivated by the nonlinear dependence of the hydrodynamic system in terms of the underlying wave function dynamics, which is supercritical with respect to the bare energy bounds. Due to quantum effects on the dispersive properties of QMHD, our approach requires neither smallness nor high regularity, unlike a large amount of existing literature for Euler-Maxwell's classical system. For quantum MHD system the irrotationality and the presence of a highly nonlinear quantum stress tensor induce much stronger dispersive properties, as a byproduct of a close relationship with the classical Maxwell-Schr\"odinger system. Therefore the core argument is shifted to the analysis of the nonlinearities related to the formulation of the hydrodynamic variables through the Madelung transformations. The analysis carried out in section 4 shows that it is necessary to go through non-trivial smoothing estimates and these require us to assume regularity conditions, just above the energy norms, for the initial data of the Maxwellian electromagnetic potential. In the same regime of regularity, with the help of suitable local smoothing estimates, we also prove stability of both the hydrodynamic variables and the Lorentz force associated with the electromagnetic field. (Abbreviated version, see full abstract in the paper).