Radio Loud vs. Radio Quiet Gamma-ray Bursts: the Role of Binary Progenitors

TL;DR

This paper investigates how binary star systems may produce radio loud gamma-ray bursts with longer durations and brighter afterglows, contrasting with single stars that produce radio quiet bursts, based on observational and theoretical analysis.

Contribution

It proposes that binary progenitors explain the differences in radio loudness and afterglow properties of long GRBs, linking stellar evolution to observed GRB diversity.

Findings

Binary systems can provide the angular momentum needed for longer GRB durations.

Binary progenitors can create environments conducive to long-lived radio afterglows.

The fraction of binary stars aligns with the ratio of radio loud to quiet GRBs.

Abstract

We explore the possibility that radio loud gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) result from the collapse of massive stars in interacting binary systems, while radio quiet GRBs are produced by the collapse of single massive stars. A binary collapsar system can have the necessary angular momentum and energy budget to explain the longer prompt gamma-ray durations and higher isotropic energies seen in the the radio loud sub-sample of long GRBs. Additionally binary systems can lead to rich and extended circumstellar environments that allow for the presence of the long-lived radio afterglows seen in the radio loud systems. Finally, the relative fraction of stars in binary systems versus single star systems appears consistent with the fraction of radio loud versus radio quiet GRBs.