Simultaneous X-ray and radio observations of the transitional millisecond pulsar candidate CXOU J110926.4-650224. The discovery of a variable radio counterpart

TL;DR

This study reports simultaneous X-ray and radio observations of the candidate transitional millisecond pulsar CXOU J110926.4-650224, revealing variable emission patterns and a transient radio flare, contributing new insights into its emission behavior.

Contribution

First simultaneous X-ray and radio observations of this tMSP candidate, identifying variable emissions and a transient radio flare, advancing understanding of its emission mechanisms.

Findings

Detected a variable radio counterpart with a transient flare.

Observed peculiar X-ray variability with mode switching.

Found no clear correlation between X-ray and radio variability.

Abstract

We present the results of simultaneous observations of the transitional millisecond pulsar (tMSP) candidate CXOU J110926.4-650224 with the XMM-Newton satellite and the MeerKAT telescope. The source was found at an average X-ray luminosity of $L_{\rm X}\simeq7\times10^{33}$ erg s$^{-1}$ over the 0.3-10 keV band (assuming a distance of 4 kpc) and displayed a peculiar variability pattern in the X-ray emission, switching between high, low and flaring modes on timescales of tens of seconds. A radio counterpart was detected at a significance of 7.9$\sigma$ with an average flux density of $\simeq$33$\mu$Jy at 1.28 GHz. It showed variability over the course of hours and emitted a $\simeq$10-min long flare just a few minutes after a brief sequence of multiple X-ray flares. No clear evidence for a significant correlated or anticorrelated variability pattern was found between the X-ray and radio emissions over timescales of tens of minutes and longer. CXOU J110926.4-650224 was undetected at higher radio frequencies in subsequent observations performed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, when the source was still in the same X-ray sub-luminous state observed before, down to a flux density upper limit of 15$\mu$Jy at 7.25 GHz (at 3$\sigma$). We compare the radio emission properties of CXOU J110926.4-650224 with those observed in known and candidate tMSPs and discuss physical scenarios that may account for its persistent and flaring radio emissions.