Sensitivity of Anomalous Quartic Gauge Couplings via $Z\gamma\gamma$ Production at Future hadron-hadron Colliders

TL;DR

This study assesses the potential of future high-energy colliders to detect anomalous quartic gauge couplings via Z gamma gamma production, providing projections of sensitivity improvements over current limits using effective field theory analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed sensitivity analysis for dimension-8 anomalous couplings at future colliders, extending previous work to higher energies and luminosities with realistic detector considerations.

Findings

FCC-hh can improve sensitivity to anomalous couplings by an order of magnitude.

Systematic uncertainties slightly reduce the sensitivity but do not negate the potential improvements.

Higher energy colliders significantly enhance the ability to probe new physics in gauge boson interactions.

Abstract

Triple gauge boson production provides a promising opportunity to probe the anomalous quartic gauge couplings in understanding the details of electroweak symmetry breaking at future hadron-hadron collider facilities with increasing center of mass energy and luminosity. In this paper, we investigate the sensitivities of dimension-8 anomalous couplings related to the $ZZ\gamma\gamma$ and $Z\gamma\gamma\gamma$ quartic vertices, defined in the effective field theory framework, via $pp\to Z\gamma\gamma$ signal process with Z-boson decaying to charged leptons at the high luminosity phase of LHC (HL-LHC) and future facilities, namely the High Energy LHC (HE-LHC) and Future Circular hadron-hadron collider (FCC-hh). We analyzed the signal and relevant backgrounds via a cut based method with Monte Carlo event sampling where the detector responses of three hadron collider facilities, the center-of-mass energies of 14, 27 and 100 TeV with an integrated luminosities of 3, 15 and 30 ab$^{-1}$ are considered for the HL-LHC, HE-LHC and FCC-hh, respectively. The reconstructed 4-body invariant mass of $l^+l^-\gamma\gamma$ system is used to constrain the anomalous quartic gauge coupling parameters under the hypothesis of absence of anomalies in triple gauge couplings. Our results indicate that the sensitivity on anomalous quartic couplings $f_{T8}/\Lambda^{4}$ and $f_{T9}/\Lambda^{4}$ ($f_{T0}/\Lambda^{4}$, $f_{T1}/\Lambda^{4}$ and $f_{T2}/\Lambda^{4}$) at 95$\%$ C.L. for FCC-hh with $L_{int}$ = 30 ab$^{-1}$ without systematic errors are two (one) order better than the current experimental limits. Considering a realistic systematic uncertainty such as 10$\%$ from possible experimental sources, the sensitivity of all anomalous quartic couplings gets worsen by about 1.2$\%$, 1.7$\%$ and 1.5$\%$ compared to those without systematic uncertainty for HL-LHC, HE-LHC and FCC-hh, respectively.