The Ice Chamber for Astrophysics-Astrochemistry (ICA): A New Experimental Facility for Ion Impact Studies of Astrophysical Ice Analogues

TL;DR

The ICA is a new experimental facility designed to simulate and study the physico-chemical evolution of astrophysical ice analogues under ionising radiation and thermal processing, aiding astrochemistry research.

Contribution

This paper introduces the novel Ice Chamber for Astrophysics-Astrochemistry (ICA), detailing its design and capabilities for studying astrophysical ices under various radiation and temperature conditions.

Findings

Successful implementation of the ICA setup.

Initial experiments demonstrate ice processing by ions and electrons.

Potential for advancing astrochemical models.

Abstract

The Ice Chamber for Astrophysics-Astrochemistry (ICA) is a new laboratory end-station located at the Institute for Nuclear Research (Atomki) in Debrecen, Hungary. The ICA has been specifically designed for the study of the physico-chemical properties of astrophysical ice analogues and their chemical evolution when subjected to ionising radiation and thermal processing. The ICA is an ultra-high vacuum compatible chamber containing a series of IR-transparent substrates mounted in a copper holder connected to a closed-cycle cryostat capable of being cooled down to 20 K, itself mounted on a 360{\deg} rotation stage and a z-linear manipulator. Ices are deposited onto the substrates via background deposition of dosed gases. Ice structure and chemical composition are monitored by means of FTIR absorbance spectroscopy in transmission mode, although use of reflectance mode is possible by using metallic substrates. Pre-prepared ices may be processed in a variety of ways. A 2 MV Tandetron accelerator is capable of delivering a wide variety of high-energy ions into the ICA, which simulates ice processing by cosmic rays, the solar wind, or magnetospheric ions. The ICA is also equipped with an electron gun which may be used for electron impact radiolysis of ices. Thermal processing of both deposited and processed ices may be monitored by means of both FTIR spectroscopy and quadrupole mass spectrometry. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of the ICA set-up, as well as an overview of preliminary results obtained and future plans.