Measurement-dependent erasure of distinguishability for the observation of interference in an unbalanced SU(1,1) interferometer

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that quantum interference can be recovered in an unbalanced SU(1,1) interferometer using homodyne detection, highlighting the role of measurement-induced indistinguishability and quantum measurement processes.

Contribution

It introduces a homodyne detection method to erase distinguishability and recover interference in an unbalanced SU(1,1) interferometer, emphasizing measurement's role in quantum interference.

Findings

Homodyne detection can recover interference in the presence of distinguishability.

Indistinguishability in amplitude measurement is key to interference recovery.

Quantum nature and slow response of detectors are essential for this effect.

Abstract

It is known that quantum interference can disappear with the mere possibility of distinguishability without actually performing the act. We create such distinguishability in an unbalanced SU(1,1) interferometer and indeed observe no interference in the direct photodetection of the outputs. On the other hand, such distinguishability can be erased with a projective measurement. Here, we report a method of homodyne detection that can also recover interference effect. We find that it is the indistinguishability in amplitude measurement that leads to the recovery of interference, and the quantum nature of homodyne detection and the detector's slow response time both play an essential role. This is different from the quantum eraser schemes mentioned above. It demonstrates that quantum interference occurs in the measurement processes. With no need for path compensation, the unbalanced interferometers studied here should have practical applications in quantum metrology and sensing.