Sensor-Based Satellite IoT for Early Wildfire Detection

TL;DR

This paper explores the use of advanced satellite IoT technologies for early wildfire detection, integrating environmental data models and feasibility analysis to enhance response and mitigate environmental impacts.

Contribution

It introduces a novel framework combining satellite IoT with wildfire and carbon emission models, demonstrating potential benefits through simulation and feasibility analysis.

Findings

Environmental data integration improves fire spread modeling.

Satellite link budget analysis confirms system feasibility.

Simulation shows economic and environmental benefits.

Abstract

Frequent and severe wildfires have been observed lately on a global scale. Wildfires not only threaten lives and properties, but also pose negative environmental impacts that transcend national boundaries (e.g., greenhouse gas emission and global warming). Thus, early wildfire detection with timely feedback is much needed. We propose to use the emerging beyond fifth-generation (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G) satellite Internet of Things (IoT) communication technology to enable massive sensor deployment for wildfire detection. We propose wildfire and carbon emission models that take into account real environmental data including wind speed, soil wetness, and biomass, to simulate the fire spreading process and quantify the fire burning areas, carbon emissions, and economical benefits of the proposed system against the backdrop of recent California wildfires. We also conduct a satellite IoT feasibility check by analyzing the satellite link budget. Future research directions to further illustrate the promise of the proposed system are discussed.