Thermofractals and the Nonextensive Finite Ideal Gas

TL;DR

This paper explores how thermofractals relate to nonextensive thermodynamics, showing that a fractal-based approach can reproduce properties of a finite nonextensive ideal gas and deriving new entropy expressions.

Contribution

It introduces a fractal thermodynamical model that reduces to a finite nonextensive ideal gas, providing new insights into entropy and the entropic q-index.

Findings

Reproduces nonextensive ideal gas properties from thermofractals.

Calculates entropic q-index in nonrelativistic and relativistic cases.

Derives new entropy expressions for systems of thermofractals.

Abstract

The underlying connection between the degrees of freedom of a system and its nonextensive thermodynamic behavior is addressed. The problem is handled by starting from a thermodynamical system with fractal structure and its analytical reduction to a finite ideal gas. In the limit where the thermofractal has no internal structure, it is found that it reproduces the basic properties of a nonextensive ideal gas with a finite number of particles as recently discussed (Lima \& Deppman, Phys. Rev. E 101, 040102(R) 2020). In particular, the entropic $q$-index is calculated in terms of the number of particles both for the nonrelativistic and relativistic cases. In light of such results, the possible nonadditivity or additivity of the entropic structures are also critically analysed and new expressions to the entropy (per particle) for a composed system of thermofractals and its limiting case are derived.