Holographic model with power-law Maxwell field for color superconductivity

TL;DR

This paper develops a holographic model using a power-law Maxwell field to describe color superconductivity, revealing phase transitions in deconfined and confined phases depending on the power parameter and chemical potential.

Contribution

It introduces a novel holographic dual model with a power-law Maxwell field to study color superconductivity, capturing phase transitions not seen with standard Maxwell fields.

Findings

CSC phase transition occurs in deconfinement phase for certain parameters

Power parameter influences the occurrence of CSC in confinement phase

Model predicts phase behavior depending on chemical potential and power-law parameter

Abstract

Studying the color superconductivity (CSC) phase is essential to understand the physics in the core of the neutron stars which is the only known context where the CSC phase might appear due to the gravitational force squeezing the matter to a sufficiently high density. We propose a simple holographic dual description of the CSC phase transition in the realistic Yang-Mills theory with the power-law Maxwell field. We find the CSC phase transition with the large color number in the deconfinement phase, which is not found in the case of the usual Maxwell field, if the power parameter characterizing for the power-law Maxwell field is sufficiently lower than one but above $1/2$ and the chemical potential is above a critical value. However, the power parameter is not arbitrary below one because when this parameter is sufficiently far away from one it leads to the occurrence of the CSC state in the confinement phase which is not compatible with a nonzero vacuum expectation value of the color nonsinglet operator.