Elliptic solitons in optical fiber media

TL;DR

This paper investigates the formation and stability of elliptic solitons in optical fibers, demonstrating their generation through temporal multiplexing and analyzing their properties and potential for stable pulse train formation.

Contribution

It provides a mathematical and numerical analysis of elliptic solitons in fiber media, linking them to soliton-crystal states and stability under high pumping rates.

Findings

Elliptic solitons can be generated via temporal multiplexing of identical pulses.

High pumping rates lead to overlapping pulses forming a periodic lattice of solitons.

Stability analysis shows broadened internal-mode spectrum and mode degeneracy.

Abstract

We examine the evolution of a time-varying perturbation signal pumped into a mono-mode fiber in the anomalous dispersion regime. We analytically establish that the perturbation evolves into a conservative pattern of periodic pulses which structures and profiles share close similarity with the so-called soliton-crystal states recently observed in fiber media [see e.g. A. Haboucha et al., Phys. Rev. A\textbf{78}, 043806 (2008); D. Y. Tang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{101}, 153904 (2008); F. Amrani et al., Opt. Express \textbf{19}, 13134 (2011)]. We derive mathematically and generate numerically a crystal of solitons using time division multiplexing of identical pulses. We suggest that at very fast pumping rates, the pulse signals overlap and create an unstable signal that is modulated by the fiber nonlinearity to become a periodic lattice of pulse solitons which can be described by elliptic functions. We carry out a linear stability analysis of the soliton-crystal structure and establish that the correlation of centers of mass of interacting pulses broadens their internal-mode spectrum, some modes of which are mutually degenerate. While it has long been known that high-intensity periodic pulse trains in optical fibers are generated from the phenomenon of modulational instability of continuous waves, the present study provides evidence that they can also be generated via temporal multiplexing of an infinitely large number of equal-intensity single pulses to give rise to stable elliptic solitons.