Introducing an Abusive Language Classification Framework for Telegram to Investigate the German Hater Community

TL;DR

This paper develops a framework for detecting abusive language and hatefulness in German Telegram messages and channels, combining content analysis and social graph data, and provides a new annotated dataset for research.

Contribution

It introduces novel models for classifying abusive language and hatefulness in German Telegram content, integrating topic modeling with social network analysis.

Findings

Effective classification models for German Telegram hate speech.

Insights into the evolution of the German hater community on Telegram.

A new annotated dataset of Telegram messages for hate speech research.

Abstract

Since traditional social media platforms continue to ban actors spreading hate speech or other forms of abusive languages (a process known as deplatforming), these actors migrate to alternative platforms that do not moderate users content. One popular platform relevant for the German hater community is Telegram for which limited research efforts have been made so far. This study aims to develop a broad framework comprising (i) an abusive language classification model for German Telegram messages and (ii) a classification model for the hatefulness of Telegram channels. For the first part, we use existing abusive language datasets containing posts from other platforms to develop our classification models. For the channel classification model, we develop a method that combines channel-specific content information collected from a topic model with a social graph to predict the hatefulness of channels. Furthermore, we complement these two approaches for hate speech detection with insightful results on the evolution of the hater community on Telegram in Germany. We also propose methods for conducting scalable network analyses for social media platforms to the hate speech research community. As an additional output of this study, we provide an annotated abusive language dataset containing 1,149 annotated Telegram messages.