An orthotropic plate model for decks of suspension bridges

TL;DR

This paper compares two modeling approaches for suspension bridge decks: a rectangular plate model and a beam-rod model, analyzing their mathematical properties and potential for realistic structural behavior simulation.

Contribution

It introduces a beam-rod model for bridge decks, compares it with a plate model, and discusses the benefits of orthotropic material assumptions for more accurate modeling.

Findings

Beam-rod model has more degrees of freedom than isotropic plate model.

Both models can produce similar static and dynamic responses with realistic parameters.

Mathematical properties like existence, uniqueness, and spectral characteristics are established.

Abstract

The main purpose of the present paper is to compare two different kinds of approaches in modeling the deck of a suspension bridge: in the first approach we look at the deck as a rectangular plate and in the second one we look at the deck as a beam for vertical deflections and as a rod for torsional deformations. Throughout this paper we will refer to the model corresponding to the second approach as the \textit{beam-rod model}. In our discussion, we observe that the beam-rod model has more \textit{degrees of freedom} if compared with the isotropic plate model. For this reason the beam-rod model is supposed to be more appropiate to describe the behavior of the deck of a real suspension bridge. A possible strategy to make the plate model more efficient could be to relax the isotropy condition with a more general condition of orthotropy, which is expected to increase the degrees of freedom in view of the larger number of elastic parameters. In this new setting, a comparison between the two approaches becomes now possible. Basic results are proved for the suggested problem, from existence and uniqueness of solutions to spectral properties. We suggest realistic values for the elastic parameters thus obtaining with both approaches similar responses in the static and dynamic behavior of the deck. This can be considered as a preliminary article since many work has still to be done with the perspective of formulating models for a complete suspension bridge which take into account not only the deck but also the action on it of cables and hangers. With this perspective, a section is devoted to possible future developments.