A Bound on the Rate of Bondi Mass Loss

TL;DR

This paper establishes a bound on the rate of Bondi mass loss in asymptotically flat spacetimes within Einstein gravity, linking it to maximum luminosity and extending analysis to Brans-Dicke theory with scalar radiation considerations.

Contribution

It derives a new bound on the Bondi mass loss rate in Einstein gravity and explores conditions for scalar radiation escape in Brans-Dicke theory.

Findings

Bound on mass loss rate: | m|  0.3820 c^3/G

Connection to Dyson's maximum luminosity

Scalar radiation influences mass loss and photon escape

Abstract

To ensure the light (emitted far away from the source of gravity) can arrive at the null infinity of an asymptotically flat spacetime, it is shown that the rate of Bondi mass aspect has to satisfy some conditions. In Einstein gravity theory, we find the sufficient condition implies a bound on the Bondi mass $m$, i.e., $|\dot{m}|\leqslant 0.3820~c^3/G$. This provides a new perspective on Dyson's maximum luminosity. However, in Brans-Dicke theory, the sufficient condition depends on the behavior of the radiation field of the scalar. Specifically, the photons can escape to the null infinity when the scalar gravitational radiation is not too large and the mass loss is not too fast.