Partial Symbol Recovery for Interference Resilience in Low-Power Wide Area Networks

TL;DR

This paper proposes Partial Symbol Recovery (PSR), a novel method to enhance interference resilience in LPWANs like LoRa by detecting and utilizing uncorrupted chips within symbols, significantly improving packet reception under Wi-Fi interference.

Contribution

The paper introduces PSR, a new PHY-layer scheme that leverages time-frequency analysis and symbol redundancy to recover LoRa packets affected by high-power interference.

Findings

Packet reception ratio increased from 45.2% to 82.2%.

PSR achieves 1.8 times performance gain under Wi-Fi interference.

Tested on real-world hardware with consistent improvements.

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed the proliferation of Low-power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) in the unlicensed band for various Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Due to the ultra-low transmission power and long transmission duration, LPWAN devices inevitably suffer from high power Cross Technology Interference (CTI), such as interference from Wi-Fi, coexisting in the same spectrum. To alleviate this issue, this paper introduces the Partial Symbol Recovery (PSR) scheme for improving the CTI resilience of LPWAN. We verify our idea on LoRa, a widely adopted LPWAN technique, as a proof of concept. At the PHY layer, although CTI has much higher power, its duration is relatively shorter compared with LoRa symbols, leaving part of a LoRa symbol uncorrupted. Moreover, due to its high redundancy, LoRa chips within a symbol are highly correlated. This opens the possibility of detecting a LoRa symbol with only part of the chips. By examining the unique frequency patterns in LoRa symbols with time-frequency analysis, our design effectively detects the clean LoRa chips that are free of CTI. This enables PSR to only rely on clean LoRa chips for successfully recovering from communication failures. We evaluate our PSR design with real-world testbeds, including SX1280 LoRa chips and USRP B210, under Wi-Fi interference in various scenarios. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our design offers reliable packet recovery performance, successfully boosting the LoRa packet reception ratio from 45.2% to 82.2% with a performance gain of 1.8 times.