Optimized laser-assisted electron injection into a quasi-linear plasma wakefield

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new laser-assisted electron injection method into plasma wakefields, demonstrating through simulations that it can produce high-quality, high-energy electron bunches suitable for advanced accelerator applications.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel injection scheme using laser-solid interaction to generate and trap electrons in a quasi-linear wakefield, optimizing charge and beam quality with simulation validation.

Findings

Achieves trapping of ~100 pC electron bunches with low emittance

Accelerates electrons to several GeV over 10 meters

Demonstrates a quasi-linear wakefield with ~2.5 GV/m field strength

Abstract

We present a novel electron injection scheme for plasma wakefield acceleration. The method is based on recently proposed technique of fast electron generation via laser-solid interaction: a femtosecond laser pulse with the energy of tens of mJ hitting a dense plasma target at $45^o$ angle expels a well collimated bunch of electrons and accelerates these close to the specular direction up to several MeVs. We study trapping of these fast electrons by a quasi-linear wakefield excited by an external beam driver in a surrounding low density plasma. This configuration can be relevant to the AWAKE experiment at CERN. We vary different injection parameters: the phase and angle of injection, the laser pulse energy. An approximate trapping condition is derived for a linear axisymmetric wake. It is used to optimise the trapped charge and is verified by three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. It is shown that a quasi-linear plasma wave with the accelerating field $\sim$ 2.5 GV/m can trap electron bunches with $\sim$ 100 pC charge, $\sim$ 60 $\mu$m transverse normalized emittance and accelerate them to energies of several GeV with the spread $\lesssim$ 1 % after 10 m.