A Fully-Integrated 5mW, 0.8Gbps Energy-Efficient Chip-to-Chip Data Link for Ultra-Low-Power IoT End-Nodes in 65-nm CMOS

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fully integrated, energy-efficient chip-to-chip transceiver in 65-nm CMOS for IoT end-nodes, achieving high data rates with low power consumption suitable for real-world applications.

Contribution

It presents a novel low-swing transceiver integrated within an IoT system-on-chip, enabling high-speed, energy-efficient communication at milliwatt power levels.

Findings

Achieves 8.46x higher energy efficiency than SPI interface.

Delivers 15.9x higher performance than traditional microcontroller interfaces.

Successfully integrated and tested within a CMOS 65nm IoT system-on-chip.

Abstract

The increasing complexity of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications and near-sensor processing algorithms is pushing the computational power of low-power, battery-operated end-node systems. This trend also reveals growing demands for high-speed and energy-efficient inter-chip communications to manage the increasing amount of data coming from off-chip sensors and memories. While traditional micro-controller interfaces such as SPIs cannot cope with tight energy and large bandwidth requirements, low-voltage swing transceivers can tackle this challenge thanks to their capability to achieve several Gbps of the communication speed at milliwatt power levels. However, recent research on high-speed serial links focused on high-performance systems, with a power consumption significantly larger than the one of low-power IoT end-nodes, or on stand-alone designs not integrated at a system level. This paper presents a low-swing transceiver for the energy-efficient and low power chip-to-chip communication fully integrated within an IoT end-node System-on-Chip, fabricated in CMOS 65nm technology. The transceiver can be easily controlled via a software interface; thus, we can consider realistic scenarios for the data communication, which cannot be assessed in stand-alone prototypes. Chip measurements show that the transceiver achieves 8.46x higher energy efficiency at 15.9x higher performance than a traditional microcontroller interface such as a single-SPI.