Theory of magnetic flux tubes in strong fields and the phenomenon of dark matter axions identical to solar axions

TL;DR

This paper develops a theory of magnetic flux tubes in the Sun, explaining how axions are produced and converted to photons within these tubes, linking dark matter axions to solar phenomena like sunspot cycles.

Contribution

It introduces a novel model describing the formation of solar axions in magnetic flux tubes and their role in sunspot cycle modulation, connecting dark matter to solar activity.

Findings

Magnetic flux tubes with B~10^7G facilitate axion-photon conversions.

Axions influence the temperature and heat transport in magnetic flux tubes.

Sunspot cycles are linked to modulations of dark matter axions in the Sun.

Abstract

We develop the general laws of the theory of the almost empty anchored magnetic flux tubes (MFT) with B~10^7G, starting from tachocline to the surface of the Sun. The main result of this theory is the formation of the solar axions and the magnetic O-loop inside the MFT near the tachocline. In this magnetic O-loop (based on the Kolmogorov turbulent cascade) the axions are converted to photons, producing the axion origin photons near the tachocline. On the other hand, high-energy photons from the radiation zone through the axion-photon oscillations in the O-loop produce the axions of photon origin under the sunspot. This means that at such strong magnetic fields the Parker-Biermann cooling effect of MFT develops due to the "disappearance" of the Parker's convective heat transport, and consequently, the temperature in the lower part of the magnetic tube with the help of the axions of photonic origin near the tachocline. As a result, a free path for photons of axion origin opens from the tachocline to the photosphere! We show that the high-energy photons passing from the radiation zone turn into axions, which almost completely eliminates the radiation heating of the almost empty MFT. A certain flux of photons coming from the radiation zone through the tachocline, passes through the "ring" of a strong magnetic tube by virtue of convective heating. It allows to determine the velocity and the lifetime of the MFT before the reconnection, from tachocline to the surface of the Sun, as well as the rate of the MFT reconnection near the tachocline. Finally, we show that the formation of sunspot cycles is is the manifestation of dark matter -- solar axions in the core of the Sun, whose modulations are controlled by the 11-year modulation of asymmetric dark matter density in the solar interior.