Searching for heavy leptoquarks at a muon collider

TL;DR

This paper explores the potential of a future 3 TeV muon collider to detect heavy spin-1 leptoquarks, which could explain recent anomalies in lepton flavor universality and muon magnetic moment measurements.

Contribution

It demonstrates that a 3 TeV muon collider with high luminosity can effectively probe the parameter space of heavy leptoquarks related to recent flavor anomalies.

Findings

A 3 TeV muon collider can cover the leptoquark parameter space relevant to flavor anomalies.

Multiple channels, including same flavor, different flavor, and VXS processes, are effective for leptoquark searches.

The collider could potentially confirm or exclude leptoquark explanations for observed anomalies.

Abstract

The LHCb Collaboration recently gave an update on testing lepton flavour universality with $B^+ \rightarrow K^+ \ell^+ \ell^-$, in which a 3.1 standard deviations from the standard model prediction was observed. The g-2 experiment also reports a 3.3 standard deviations from the standard model on muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement. These deviations could be explained by introducing new particles including leptoquarks. In this paper, we show the possibility to search for heavy spin-1 leptoquarks at a future TeV scale muon collider by performing studies from three channels: 1) same flavour final states with either two bottom or two light quarks, 2) different flavour quark final states, and 3) a so-called "VXS" process representing the scattering between a vector boson and a leptoquark to probe the coupling between leptoquark and tau lepton. We conclude that a 3 TeV muon collider with $3~{ab^{-1}}$ of integrated luminosity is already sufficient to cover the leptoquark parameter space in order to explain the LHCb lepton flavour universality anomaly.