High-Order Multipole and Binary Love Number Universal Relations

TL;DR

This paper develops universal relations between high-order multipole tidal deformabilities of neutron stars and other properties, using a large dataset, which can improve gravitational wave analysis and neutron star modeling.

Contribution

It introduces new equation-of-state-insensitive relations for high-order multipole tidal parameters and extends known relations to various neutron star masses and binary configurations.

Findings

Universal relations between multipolar tidal deformabilities $\Lambda_l$ for $l=5,6,7,8$.

Confirmed and extended the radius-$ ilde{\Lambda}$ relation to different masses and chirp masses.

Identified optimal neutron star mass for minimal radius estimation uncertainty.

Abstract

Using a data set of approximately 2 million phenomenological equations of state consistent with observational constraints, we construct new equation-of-state-insensitive universal relations that exist between the multipolar tidal deformability parameters of neutron stars, $\Lambda_l$, for several high-order multipoles ($l = 5,6,7,8$). We confirm the existence of a universal relation between the radius of the $1.4 M_\odot$ NS, $R_{1.4}$ and the reduced tidal parameter of the binary, $\tilde{\Lambda}$, and the chirp mass. We extend this relation to a large number of chirp masses and to the radii of isolated NSs of different mass $M$, $R_M$. We find that there is an optimal value of $M$ for every $\mathcal{M}$ such that the uncertainty in the estimate of $R_M$ is minimized when using the relation. We discuss the utility and implications of these relations for the upcoming LIGO O4 run and third-generation detectors.