Involvement of structural dynamics in the charge-glass formation in molecular metals

TL;DR

This study reveals that structural dynamics, specifically a glass-like transition involving ethylene endgroups, play a crucial role in the charge-glass formation in certain organic conductors, challenging purely electronic interpretations.

Contribution

It provides comprehensive evidence for a structural glass transition influencing charge-glass formation, highlighting the coupling between lattice and electronic degrees of freedom in these materials.

Findings

Identification of a structural glass transition at 90-100 K.

Structural conformations of ethylene endgroups freeze with an activation energy of 0.32 eV.

Charge carrier dynamics slow down and follow non-exponential kinetics.

Abstract

We present a combined study of thermal expansion and resistance fluctuation spectroscopy measurements exploring the static and dynamic aspects of the charge-glass formation in the quasi-two-dimensional organic conductors $\theta$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$$MM^\prime$(SCN)$_4$ with $M$ = Cs and $M^\prime$ = Co,Zn. In these materials, the emergence of a novel charge-glass state so far has been interpreted in purely electronic terms by considering the strong frustration of the Coulomb interactions on a triangular lattice. Contrary to this view, we provide comprehensive evidence for the involvement of a \textit{structural} glass-like transition at $T_{\text{g}} \sim 90-100\,$K. This glassy transition can be assigned to the freezing of structural conformations of the ethylene endgroups in the donor molecule with an activation energy of $E_{\rm{a}}\approx 0.32\,$eV, and the concomitant slowing down of the charge carrier dynamics is well described by a model of non-exponential kinetics. These findings discolse an important aspect of the phase diagram and renders the current understanding of the charge-glass state in the whole family of $\theta$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2MM^\prime$(SCN)$_4$ incomplete. Our results suggest that the entanglement of slow structural and charge-cluster dynamics due to the intimate coupling of lattice and electronic degrees of freedom determine the charge-glass formation under geometric frustration.