Modeling and simulations of moving droplet in a Rarefied gas

TL;DR

This paper develops a coupled modeling approach for simulating a moving droplet in a rarefied gas, combining BGK and Navier-Stokes models with meshfree schemes, validated against Boltzmann and DSMC solutions.

Contribution

It introduces a novel coupled simulation framework using meshfree methods for both gas and liquid phases in rarefied conditions, with interface boundary conditions.

Findings

Validated the coupled model against Boltzmann and DSMC results.

Demonstrated the model's effectiveness in 1D and 2D simulations.

Showed accurate interface deformation and droplet movement predictions.

Abstract

We study a two phase flow with interactions of liquid and rarefied gas inside the gas phase. The gas phase is modeled by the BGK model of the Boltzmann equation. The liquid phase is modeled by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. In this paper we have excluded the heat transfer between two phases. The interface boundary conditions for the liquid and gas phases is presented. The BGK model is solved by a semi-Lagrangian scheme with a meshfree reconstruction since the droplet moves inside the gas phase and its interface deforms with respect to time and space. Therefore, the similar meshfree particle method is also suitable to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for liquid phase. To validate the coupled solutions of the BGK model and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, we have compared the results of the BGK model and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, with those of the Boltzmann and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, where the Boltzmann equation is solved by a DSMC method. Results in $1D$ and $2D$ physical spaces are presented.