On the involutive Heegaard Floer homology of negative semi-definite plumbed 3-manifolds with $b_{1}=1$

TL;DR

This paper introduces involutive Heegaard Floer invariants for certain 3-manifolds, proves their invariance, and uses them to obstruct specific 3-manifold constructions, extending previous results in the field.

Contribution

It defines involutive Heegaard Floer invariants for manifolds with $b_1=1$, proves their invariance, and applies them to identify new obstructions for 3-manifold realizations.

Findings

Involutive invariants are invariant under spin integer homology cobordism.

Obstructions are established for 0-surgery constructions on knots in $S^3$.

An infinite family of Seifert fibered spaces with specific properties cannot be obtained by 0-surgery.

Abstract

In \cite{MR1957829}, Ozsv\'ath and Szab\'o use Heegaard Floer homology to define numerical invariants $d_{1/2}$ and $d_{-1/2}$ for 3-manifolds $Y$ with $H_{1}(Y;\mathbb{Z})\cong \mathbb{Z}$. We define involutive Heegaard Floer theoretic versions of these invariants analogous to the involutive $d$ invariants $\bar{d}$ and $\underline{d}$ defined for rational homology spheres by Hendricks and Manolescu in \cite{MR3649355} . We prove their invariance under spin integer homology cobordism and use them to establish spin filling constraints and $0$-surgery obstructions analogous to results by Ozsv\'ath and Szab\'o for their Heegaard Floer counterparts $d_{1/2}$ and $d_{-1/2}$. We then apply calculation techniques of Dai and Manolescu developed in \cite{MR4021102} and Rustamov in \cite{Rustamov} to compute the involutive Heegaard Floer homology of some negative semi-definite plumbed 3-manifolds with $b_{1} =1$. By combining these calculations with the $0$-surgery obstructions, we are able to produce an infinite family of small Seifert fibered spaces with weight 1 fundamental group and first homology $\mathbb{Z}$ which cannot be obtained by $0$-surgery on a knot in $S^3$, extending a result of Hedden, Kim, Mark, and Park in \cite{MR4029676}.