An Optimization of Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna with Partial Ground using Genetic Algorithm Method

TL;DR

This paper presents an optimization of a fractal microstrip patch antenna with partial ground using a genetic algorithm, achieving improved performance for ultra-wideband applications in the S-band and C-band.

Contribution

It introduces a novel optimization approach for fractal microstrip antennas using genetic algorithms to enhance bandwidth and radiation properties.

Findings

Improved VSWR and gain in optimized antenna

Reduced antenna size through edge and center cutting

Enhanced performance suitable for S-band and C-band applications

Abstract

Ultra-wideband is increasingly advancing as a high data rate wireless technology after the Federal Communication Commission announced the bandwidth of 7.5 GHz (from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz) for ultra-wideband applications. Furthermore, designing a UWB antenna faces more difficulties than designing a narrow band antenna. A suitable UWB antenna should be able to work over the Federal Communication Commission of ultra-wide bandwidth allocation. Furthermore, good radiation properties across the entire frequency spectrum are needed. This paper outlines an optimization of fractal square microstrip patch antenna with the partial ground using a genetic algorithm at 3.5 GHz and 6 GHz. The optimized antenna design shows improved results compared to the non-optimized design. This design is optimized using a genetic algorithm and simulated using CST simulation software. The size of the optimized design is reduced by cutting the edges and the center of the patch. The optimized results reported, and concentrated on the rerun loss, VSWR and gain. The results indicate a significant enhancement as is illustrated in Table II. Thus, the optimized design is suitable for S-band and C-band applications.