From prethermalization to chaos in periodically driven coupled rotors

TL;DR

This paper investigates the duration of prethermal states in classical periodically driven coupled rotors, revealing that temperature controls the lifetime and modeling the transition from prethermalization to chaos.

Contribution

It identifies temperature as the key parameter controlling prethermal lifetime and introduces an analytical model for the crossover to chaos in classical many-body systems.

Findings

Prethermal lifetime depends on the initial conditions and connectivity.

Temperature of the prethermal state is quasi-conserved during slow heating.

Developed an analytical model describing the transition from prethermalization to chaos.

Abstract

Periodically driven (Floquet) systems are said to prethermalize when their energy absorption is very slow for long time. This effect was first discovered in quantum spin models, where the heating rate is exponentially small in the ratio between the driving frequency and the spin bandwidth. Recently, it was shown that prethermalization occurs also in classical systems with an infinite bandwidth. Here, we address the open question of which small parameter controls the lifetime of the prethermal state in these systems. We, first, numerically study the dependence of the lifetime on the initial conditions and on the connectivity in a system of periodically driven coupled rotors. We find that the lifetime is controlled by the temperature of the prethermal state, which is quasi-conserved when the heating is slow. This finding allows us to develop a simple analytical model that describes the crossover from prethermalization to chaos in many-body classical systems.