Optimized Planar Microwave Antenna for Nitrogen Vacancy Center based Sensing Applications

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel, optimized planar microwave antenna design for NV center-based quantum sensing, achieving uniform microwave fields and high Rabi frequencies to improve spin control in diamond sensors.

Contribution

The work introduces a new Omega-shaped antenna design optimized via simulations and fabricated on glass, enhancing microwave field uniformity and Rabi frequencies for NV sensing.

Findings

Achieved uniform microwave fields over 400x400 μm^2 area.

Realized Rabi frequencies up to 10 MHz in NV ensembles.

Demonstrated cost-effective fabrication on transparent glass.

Abstract

Individual nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond are versatile, spin-based quantum sensors. Coherently controlling the spin of NV centers using microwaves in a typical frequency range between 2.5 and 3.5 GHz is necessary for sensing applications. In this work, we present a stripline-based, planar, {\Omega}-shaped microwave antenna that enables to reliably manipulate NV spins. We find an optimal antenna design using finite integral simulations. We fabricate our antennas on low-cost, transparent glass substrate. We demonstrate highly uniform microwave fields in areas of roughly 400 x 400 {\mu}m^2 while realizing high Rabi frequencies of up to 10 MHz in an ensemble of NV centers.