Novel Concept of Circular-Linear Energy Recovery Accelerator to Probe the Energy Frontier

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel circular-linear energy recovery accelerator design that combines low-energy storage rings with energy recovery linear accelerators, aiming to achieve higher energy frontiers efficiently.

Contribution

It introduces a new accelerator concept merging circular and linear systems using dual-axis asymmetric cavities for energy recovery and improved beam quality.

Findings

Potential to reach higher energy frontiers in physics

Enhanced energy efficiency and beam quality

Flexible energy management reduces operational costs

Abstract

Energy-frontier accelerators provide powerful tools performing high precision measurements confirming the fundamental of the physics and broadening new research horizons. Such machines are either driven by circular or linear accelerators. The circular machines, having the center-mass (CM) energy values reaching 200 GeV (for leptons) and above, experience beam energy loss and quality dilution, for example, due to synchrotron radiation, limiting the overall CM energy achievable and requiring a constant energy top-up to compensate the loss and the beam quality dilution. Linear colliders overcome these limitations, while the finite capabilities of generating high average current beams limits the luminosity. This is partially compensated by the quality of the colliding beams. In this work, we suggest a novel design of circular-linear accelerator based on the merging of the "non-emitting", low-energy storage rings and energy recovery linear accelerators. We suggest using the recently considered dual-axis asymmetric cavities to enable the operation of such a system, and in particular the energy recovery from spent, high-intensity beams. The machine considered, under the scope of the SNOWMASS-2021 initiative, can be potentially used to reach ultimate energy frontiers in high-energy physics as well as to drive next generation light sources. The merging of circular and linear systems, and applications of dual axes cavities, should allow the maintaining of high beam quality, high luminosity, and high energy efficiency - "The Best of Both Words". It also offers a flexible energy management, opening clear opportunity for reducing the running cost. We note that the numbers shown in the paper are for illustration purpose and can be improved further.