Direct domain adaptation through reciprocal linear transformations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel direct domain adaptation method using reciprocal linear transformations on input features, improving the similarity between source and target domain features without altering the neural network architecture.

Contribution

The proposed DDA approach applies reciprocal linear transformations to input features, enabling effective domain adaptation without modifying the training process or network design.

Findings

Achieved 70% accuracy on MNIST-M using the method.

PCA and t-SNE show similar feature properties across domains after transformation.

Method does not interfere with training workflow or network architecture.

Abstract

We propose a direct domain adaptation (DDA) approach to enrich the training of supervised neural networks on synthetic data by features from real-world data. The process involves a series of linear operations on the input features to the NN model, whether they are from the source or target domains, as follows: 1) A cross-correlation of the input data (i.e. images) with a randomly picked sample pixel (or pixels) of all images from that domain or the mean of all randomly picked sample pixel (or pixels) of all images. 2) The convolution of the resulting data with the mean of the autocorrelated input images from the other domain. In the training stage, as expected, the input images are from the source domain, and the mean of auto-correlated images are evaluated from the target domain. In the inference/application stage, the input images are from the target domain, and the mean of auto-correlated images are evaluated from the source domain. The proposed method only manipulates the data from the source and target domains and does not explicitly interfere with the training workflow and network architecture. An application that includes training a convolutional neural network on the MNIST dataset and testing the network on the MNIST-M dataset achieves a 70% accuracy on the test data. A principal component analysis (PCA), as well as t-SNE, show that the input features from the source and target domains, after the proposed direct transformations, share similar properties along with the principal components as compared to the original MNIST and MNIST-M input features.