An AGN-starburst composite multi-messenger model of NGC 1068

TL;DR

This paper presents a semi-analytical multi-messenger model for NGC 1068, combining AGN and starburst phenomena to explain its gamma-ray and neutrino emissions, highlighting the importance of both components.

Contribution

It introduces a novel two-component model that integrates AGN and starburst contributions to better understand NGC 1068's multi-messenger signals.

Findings

Constraints on the AGN-starburst characteristics of NGC 1068.

Evidence that both starburst and AGN corona are needed to explain observations.

Indications of high-energy neutrino emission from NGC 1068.

Abstract

Recent multi-wavelength observations indicate that some starburst galaxies show a dominant nonthermal contribution from its central region. These active galactic nuclei (AGN)-starburst composites are of special interest, as both phenomena on their own are potential sources of the high-energetic cosmic rays and their accompanied gamma-ray and neutrino emission. Here, we will focus on NGC 1068, which is known since several years from its atypical radio-gamma-ray correlation. Recently this source has also shown strong indications of high energy neutrino emission. A first semi-analytical, two-component multi-messenger model is presented that already gives some constraints on the AGN-starburst composite characteristics of NGC 1068 and exposes the need to include both starburst \emph{and} AGN corona to describe the multi-messenger data.