Miscibility regimes in a $^{23}$Na-$^{39}$K quantum mixture

TL;DR

This paper numerically investigates the miscibility phase diagram of a $^{23}$Na-$^{39}$K quantum mixture, considering realistic experimental parameters, interaction strengths, and atom number ratios, providing insights for experimental measurements.

Contribution

It provides a detailed numerical analysis of the miscibility regimes in a $^{23}$Na-$^{39}$K quantum mixture under realistic conditions, including atom number ratios and trap effects.

Findings

Phase diagram of miscibility transition constructed

Influence of atom number ratio on miscibility

Realistic experimental parameters considered

Abstract

Effects of miscibility in interacting two-component classical fluids are relevant in a broad range of daily applications. When considering quantum systems, two-component Bose-Einstein condensates provides a well controlled platform where the miscible-immiscible phase transition can be completely characterized. In homogeneous systems, this phase transition is governed only by the competition between intra- and inter-species interactions. However in more conventional experiments dealing with trapped gases, the pressure of the confinement increases the role of the kinetic energy and makes the system more miscible. In the most general case, the miscibility phase diagram of unbalanced mixtures of different atomic species is strongly modified by the atom number ratio and the different gravitational sags. Here, we numerically investigate the ground-state of a $^{23}$Na-$^{39}$K quantum mixture for different interaction strengths and atom number ratios considering realistic experimental parameters. Defining the spatial overlap between the resulting atomic clouds, we construct the phase diagram of the miscibility transition which could be directly measured in real experiments.