Free Will: A New Formulation

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel three-stage model of free will, called PSU, which redefines free will as a process to escape alienation, challenging traditional philosophical and neuroscientific arguments.

Contribution

It introduces the PSU model as a new formulation of free will, emphasizing a three-stage decision process to better capture the concept.

Findings

The PSU model aligns with subjective feelings of free will.

Traditional concepts of primary cause are inadequate for defining free will.

The model offers a new perspective on decision-making and free will compatibility.

Abstract

Free will is sometimes summarised in the philosophical literature as the subjective impression felt by an individual that he or she is the ultimate source or cause of his or her own choices. The two most common arguments for denying the existence of free will come from philosophy and neuroscience. The first argument is the Consequence Argument. The second asserts that our decisions are first made by the brain and only then become conscious to the subject, taking away the control of the decision. The purpose of these two arguments is to demonstrate that an individual cannot be the source or primary cause of his or her choices. It is shown in this work that the concepts of primary cause and primary source are not adequate to state a solid characterisation of free will. A new formulation of this property is proposed in which it is seen as a three-stage decision-making process implemented by an individual to escape his or her own real or supposed alienation. This decision-making process is represented in the form of a computer model called the PSU (Predictability - Suspension - Unpredictability) model. The compatibility of this new formulation of free will with the feeling it provides and the analysis of various situations are then discussed.