Critical $1$- and $2$-point spin correlations for the $O(2)$ model in $3d$ bounded domains

TL;DR

This study investigates the critical spin correlations in the 3D $O(2)$ model within bounded domains using Monte Carlo simulations, revealing universal behaviors and geometric dependencies consistent with the Yamabe equation.

Contribution

The paper introduces a detailed analysis of critical correlations in the 3D $O(2)$ model, employing an improved simulation method and connecting results to fractional Yamabe geometry.

Findings

Critical magnetization profiles match theoretical predictions.

Two-point correlations depend on a metric from the fractional Yamabe equation.

Estimated critical exponent $ta$ aligns with current literature.

Abstract

We study the critical properties of the $3d$ $O(2)$ universality class in bounded domains through Monte Carlo simulations of the clock model. We use an improved version of the latter, chosen to minimize finite-size corrections at criticality, with 8 orientations of the spins and in the presence of vacancies. The domain chosen for the simulations is the slab configuration with fixed spins at the boundaries. We obtain the universal critical magnetization profile and two-point correlations, which favorably compare with the predictions of the critical geometry approach based on the Yamabe equation. The main result is that the correlations, once the dimensionful contributions are factored out with the critical magnetization profile, are shown to only depend on the distance between the points computed using a metric found solving the fractional Yamabe equation. The quantitative comparison with the corresponding results for the Ising model at criticality is shown and discussed. Moreover, from the magnetization profiles the critical exponent $\eta$ is extracted and found to be in reasonable agreement with up-to-date results.