Factorization in hard exclusive processes. Computation of one-loop corrections to the diphoton photoproduction on proton

TL;DR

This paper extends the theoretical analysis of diphoton photoproduction on a proton to next-to-leading order in QCD, proving divergence cancellation and computing one-loop corrections to improve experimental predictions.

Contribution

It demonstrates the cancellation of collinear divergences at one-loop order and computes the full amplitude for diphoton photoproduction, expanding collinear factorization applicability.

Findings

Collinear divergences cancel at one-loop order.

Computed the full one-loop amplitude for diphoton photoproduction.

Enhanced theoretical predictions for future experiments at JLAB and EIC.

Abstract

Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) carry information on the internal structure of hadrons such as the angular momentum of quarks and gluons, or their spacelike distribution. They can be experimentally studied in exclusive experiments with hadrons, i.e. processes in which all initial and final states are measured. The tool that creates the necessary bridge between the theoretical predictions and the experiments is the collinear factorization. It allows disentangling perturbatively computable parts of the amplitude, which describes interactions of quarks and gluons with the external particles, from the non-perturbative quantities, which are identified as GPDs. In this work, I extend the theoretical analysis of the process photoproduction of photon pairs on a proton to the next-to-leading order in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics within the framework of collinear factorization. I give the proof that all collinear divergences which arise in one-loop computations cancel at the level of the amplitude. This result enlarges the family of reactions, which can be studied using the collinear factorization by processes of the type $2 \rightarrow 3$, which have not been previously studied within this theoretical framework beyond the leading QCD order. Furthermore, I compute the full form of the amplitude of the discussed process at the one-loop order. That improves the accuracy of theoretical predictions for this experiment, which may be used for planning future experiments in JLAB or EIC.