Interplay of periodic dynamics and noise: insights from a simple adaptive system

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a simple adaptive system with two paths responds to periodic damping and noise, revealing frequency-dependent switching behavior and noise-induced resonance phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a model combining periodic damping and stochastic forces, analyzing the system's response and identifying noise-induced resonances and metastable patterns.

Findings

System switches to minimal dissipation path at low frequencies

Optimal noise amplitude induces synchronous switching

Metastable patterns emerge at high frequencies with noise-induced resonances

Abstract

We study the dynamics of a simple adaptive system in the presence of noise and periodic damping. The system is composed by two paths connecting a source and a sink, the dynamics is governed by equations that usually describe food search of the paradigmatic Physarum polycephalum. In this work we assume that the two paths undergo damping whose relative strength is periodically modulated in time and analyse the dynamics in the presence of stochastic forces simulating Gaussian noise. We identify different responses depending on the modulation frequency and on the noise amplitude. At frequencies smaller than the mean dissipation rate, the system tends to switch to the path which minimizes dissipation. Synchronous switching occurs at an optimal noise amplitude which depends on the modulation frequency. This behaviour disappears at larger frequencies, where the dynamics can be described by the time-averaged equations. Here, we find metastable patterns that exhibit the features of noise-induced resonances.