Scalar and Tensor Perturbations in DHOST Bounce Cosmology

TL;DR

This paper analyzes scalar and tensor perturbations in DHOST bounce cosmology, demonstrating how thermal fluctuations can produce a scale-invariant spectrum consistent with observations, with a suppressed tensor-to-scalar ratio.

Contribution

It introduces a DHOST bounce model with thermal fluctuations as the source of perturbations, achieving observational consistency and a suppressed tensor-to-scalar ratio.

Findings

Thermal fluctuations produce a scale-invariant scalar spectrum.

The tensor-to-scalar ratio is highly suppressed, fitting observational bounds.

The model aligns well with current cosmological observations.

Abstract

We investigate the bounce realization in the framework of DHOST cosmology, focusing on the relation with observables. We perform a detailed analysis of the scalar and tensor perturbations during the Ekpyrotic contraction phase, the bounce phase, and the fast-roll expansion phase, calculating the power spectra, the spectral indices, and the tensor to-scalar ratio. Furthermore, we study the initial conditions, incorporating perturbations generated by Ekpyrotic vacuum fluctuations, by matter vacuum fluctuations, and by thermal fluctuations. The scale invariance of the scalar power spectrum can be acquired by introducing a matter contraction phase before the Ekpyrotic phase or invoking a thermal gas as the source. The DHOST bounce scenario with cosmological perturbations generated by thermal fluctuations proves to be the most efficient one, and the corresponding predictions are in perfect agreement with observational bounds. Especially the tensor-to-scalar ratio is many orders of magnitude within the allowed region since it is suppressed by the Hubble parameter at the beginning of the bounce phase.