Performance of teleportation-based error correction circuits for bosonic codes with noisy measurements

TL;DR

This paper evaluates the performance of bosonic rotation-symmetric and GKP quantum error-correcting codes using teleportation-based circuits with realistic noisy measurements, highlighting the importance of measurement efficiency.

Contribution

It introduces a numerical analysis of error correction with realistic measurement models for bosonic codes, revealing their limitations under current measurement efficiencies.

Findings

Measurement inefficiencies significantly reduce code performance.

GKP codes are more vulnerable to photon-number dephasing than rotation codes.

Efficient measurement protocols are crucial for practical bosonic quantum error correction.

Abstract

Bosonic quantum error-correcting codes offer a viable direction towards reducing the hardware overhead required for fault-tolerant quantum information processing. A broad class of bosonic codes, namely rotation-symmetric codes, can be characterized by their phase-space rotation symmetry. However, their performance has been examined to date only within an idealistic noise model. Here, we further analyze the error-correction capabilities of rotation-symmetric codes using a teleportation-based error-correction circuit. To this end, we numerically compute the average gate fidelity, including measurement errors into the noise model of the data qubit. Focusing on physical measurement models, we assess the performance of heterodyne and adaptive homodyne detection in comparison to the previously studied canonical phase measurement. This setting allows us to shed light on the role of different currently available measurement schemes when decoding the encoded information. We find that with the currently achievable measurement efficiencies in microwave optics, bosonic rotation codes undergo a substantial decrease in their break-even potential. In addition, we perform a detailed analysis of Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) codes using a similar error-correction circuit that allows us to analyze the effect of realistic measurement models on different codes. In comparison to RSB codes, we find for GKP codes an even greater reduction in performance together with a vulnerability to photon-number dephasing. Our results show that highly efficient measurement protocols constitute a crucial building block towards error-corrected quantum information processing with bosonic continuous-variable systems.