Cooperation dynamics under pandemic risks and heterogeneous economic interdependence
Manuel Chica, Juan M. Hernandez, Francisco C. Santos

TL;DR
This paper develops a game-theoretical model to analyze how pandemic risks and economic interdependence influence cooperation among nations, revealing that heterogeneity can promote cooperation and inform intervention policies.
Contribution
It introduces an analytical and computational model incorporating economic heterogeneity and interdependence, showing their effects on cooperation dynamics during global crises.
Findings
Economic interdependence enhances cooperation by reducing free-riding incentives.
Heterogeneity can alter the stability and basins of attraction in cooperation games.
Targeted interventions among key regions can leverage cooperation outcomes.
Abstract
The spread of COVID-19 and ensuing containment measures have accentuated the profound interdependence among nations or regions. This has been particularly evident in tourism, one of the sectors most affected by uncoordinated mobility restrictions. The impact of this interdependence on the tendency to adopt less or more restrictive measures is hard to evaluate, more so if diversity in economic exposures to citizens' mobility are considered. Here, we address this problem by developing an analytical and computational game-theoretical model encompassing the conflicts arising from the need to control the economic effects of global risks, such as in the COVID-19 pandemic. The model includes the individual costs derived from severe restrictions imposed by governments, including the resulting economic interdependence among all the parties involved in the game. By using tourism-based data, the…
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