Imprint of Early Dark Energy in Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background

TL;DR

This paper explores how early dark energy, which helps resolve the Hubble tension, leaves a detectable imprint on the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by cosmic strings, offering a new way to probe early universe physics.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the cosmic string GW spectrum can detect signatures of early dark energy and other new physics affecting the universe after Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.

Findings

Future GW experiments can detect the imprint of early dark energy.

The GW spectrum from cosmic strings can distinguish between different cosmological models.

Mid-band GW detection extends the search for new physics in the early universe.

Abstract

Early dark energy that relieves Hubble tension leaves a fingerprint in the primordial stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background that originates from cosmic string network. The signal is not only detectable with future planned GW experiments, but also distinguishable from other astrophysical and cosmological signals in the GW frequency spectrum. We find that the cosmic string GW spectrum can probe other new physics that influence the universe in post-Big-Bang-Nucleosynthesis with mid-band GW detection, which extends GW cosmic archaeology search region.