Zeptosecond dynamics in atoms: fact or fiction?

TL;DR

This paper explores the possibility of observing zeptosecond atomic phenomena through mechanisms involving nuclear bremsstrahlung and time delay processes, bridging nuclear and atomic physics in attosecond timescales.

Contribution

It demonstrates that atomic phenomena originating in zeptosecond timescales can be observed in attoseconds via a mechanism involving Eisenbud-Wigner-Smith time delays, using advanced theoretical methods.

Findings

Atomic phenomena from zeptosecond timescales can be observed in attoseconds.

The study links nuclear bremsstrahlung with atomic time delays.

New research avenues near the Coulomb barrier energy are suggested.

Abstract

Photon exchange due to nuclear bremsstrahlung during nuclear collisions can cause Coulomb excitation in the projectile and the target nuclei. The corresponding process originated in nuclear timescales can also be observed in atomic phenomenon experimentally if it delayed by at least with an attosecond or longer timescales. We have found that this happens due to a mechanism involving the Eisenbud-Wigner-Smith time delay process. We have estimated photoionization time delays in atomic collisions utilizing the nonrelativistic version of random phase approximation with exchange and Hartree-Fock methods. We present three representative processes in which we can observe the phenomena in attosecond timescales even though they originate from excitations in the zeptosecond timescales. Thus the work represents an investigation of parallels between two neighboring areas of physics. Furthermore the present work suggests new possibilities for atomic physics research near the Coulomb barrier energy, where the laser is replaced by nuclear bremsstrahlung.