Conflict-Free Four-Dimensional Path Planning for Urban Air Mobility Considering Airspace Occupations

TL;DR

This paper presents a novel four-dimensional path planning method for urban air mobility that ensures conflict-free routes considering static and dynamic obstacles, enhancing safety and efficiency in urban airspace management.

Contribution

It introduces an extended AirMatrix concept and a Conflict-Free A-Star algorithm with a new heuristic and conflict resolution strategy for UAM path planning.

Findings

The algorithm effectively resolves many potential conflicts in airspace.

Paths are generated with acceptable computational time and minimal delays.

Numerical experiments demonstrate the approach's practicality in real urban scenarios.

Abstract

Urban air mobility (UAM) has attracted the attention of aircraft manufacturers, air navigation service providers and governments in recent years. Preventing the conflict among urban aircraft is crucial to UAM traffic safety, which is a key in enabling large scale UAM operation. Pre-flight conflict-free path planning can provide a strategic layer in the maintenance of safety performance, thus becomes an important element in UAM. This paper aims at tackling conflict-free path planning problem for UAM operation with a consideration of four-dimensional airspace management. In the first place, we introduced and extended a four-dimensional airspace management concept, AirMatrix. On the basis of AirMatrix, we formulated the shortest flight time path planning problem considering resolution of conflicts with both static and dynamic obstacles. A Conflict-Free A-Star algorithm was developed for planning four-dimensional paths based on first-come-first-served scheme. The algorithm contains a novel design of heuristic function as well as a conflict detection and resolution strategy. Numerical experiment was carried out in Jurong East area in Singapore, and the results show that the algorithm can generate paths resolving a significant number of potential conflicts in airspace utilization, with acceptable computational time and flight delay. The contributions of this study provide references for stakeholders to support the development of UAM.