Three-dimensional imaging in nuclei

TL;DR

This paper presents the first comprehensive extraction of TMD parton distribution and fragmentation functions in nuclei, using diverse experimental data, and quantifies nuclear broadening effects with high precision.

Contribution

It introduces a simultaneous global analysis of TMDs in nuclei at high accuracy, including nuclear broadening quantification and predictions for future experiments.

Findings

Quantified TMD broadening in nuclei versus free nucleons.

Achieved a good fit with $^2/dof=1.045$.

Made predictions for JLab 12 GeV and EIC measurements.

Abstract

We perform the first simultaneous global QCD extraction of the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions and the TMD fragmentation functions in nuclei. We have considered the world set of data from semi-inclusive electron-nucleus deep inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan di-lepton production. In total, this data set consists of 126 data points from HERMES, Fermilab, RHIC and LHC. Working at next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, we achieve a $\chi^2/dof = 1.045$. In this analysis, we quantify the broadening of TMDs in nuclei comparing with those in free nucleons for the first time. We also make predictions for the ongoing JLab 12 GeV program and future EIC measurements.